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Entertainment is factory-made these days, and the best we can hope for out of it is the occasional glimmer of meaning. This week [livejournal.com profile] cowgrrl and I went to see "X-Men: First Class" and agreed it may well be the best superhero movie yet made. That praise may be fainter than it sounds, considering that the genre exists primarily as an excuse to give us elaborate CGI action scenes featuring muscular men and svelte women wearing skintight costumes. This movie, at least, makes a coherent statement about oppression and the mistreatment of minorities (and even at that level, its treatment of this issue is problematic).

The movie, though, is a retelling of a story that's already been told, and as such the story could not have deviated on any of the major details. And so we're left with nonsense such as Angel Salvatore deciding on a lark to join with the scary bad guys who just broke into a CIA compound and killed every last non-mutant in the building. Why? Well, because she was a bad guy in the comic books, of course.

This isn't storytelling; it's ritual re-enactment of an established myth. By the end of the movie, things have to be in their proper place, the world must have its established and familiar shape.

There's more I could say about the movie, but it would take me off the topic I originally set out to write about. Consider, also, that 2013 will be the 50th anniversary of Doctor Who. There, too, we have a franchise straining under the weight of its continuity - an especially tricky continuity in this case centered on one single character, and which spreads out across time and space and even into multiple universes. (Multiple universes/timelines is a trick that has been used in numerous long-term continuities to enable writers to keep telling stories - DC and Marvel comics, Doctor Who, Star Trek, you name it.) Lately attention has turned to "reboots" as a way of keeping alive just a while longer the viability of an established intellectual property.

We can cast this net even wider and include video games, which no one even really pretends is an artistic medium, but which is also stuck in an established-franchise rut. As David Wong writes,

Everybody complains about sequels and reboots in Hollywood, but holy shit, it's nothing compared to what we have in gaming right now. For instance, each of the Big Three game console makers took the stage at E3 to show off their biggest games of the upcoming year. Microsoft led off with the aforementioned Modern Warfare 3, which is really Call of Duty 8 (game makers like to switch up the sequel titles so the digits don't get ridiculous). Next was Tomb Raider 10 (rebooted as Tomb Raider). Then we had Mass Effect 3, and Ghost Recon 11 (titled Ghost Recon: Future Soldier). This was followed by Gears of War 3, Forza 4 and Fable 4 (called Fable: The Journey).


So, just how much blood can you squeeze from a stone? The "why" is obvious. Creating a new genre franchise is extremely difficult and risky (when development of a movie or video game costs hundreds of millions of dollars, how much of a risk would *you* take on an unproven concept?), whereas the established stories are a safe bet -- the established fans will turn out, will keep watching, will keep buying, even if they complain bitterly about the most recent content. But as a continuity continues, the more iconic it becomes, and from there, and the less likely it becomes that you'll be able to wring a meaningful, original message out of it.

that word

Jan. 13th, 2011 01:51 pm
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I confess I am undecided on how I feel about the bowdlerizing of Huckleberry Finn. Part of me feels like, if the one thing preventing people from being able to progress in and appreciate the work is the frequent and casual use of a word now considered highly unacceptable, maybe it's not really all that bad to publish an edition that omits it. (I'm not sure "slave" is quite an appropriate substitute, though...) Plus, it's not as if copies of the work in its original form will spontaneously cease to exist.

OTOH, it's not just any word in question. It's a word which is a symbol of the most horrific aspect of American history, and the America of the present.

OTOOH, while editorial decisions to alter works of fiction are made every day, this is an American classic we're talking about; it's not exactly holy scripture, but we shouldn't go changing it without serious reflection.

Says Professor Sam Quinn on his decision to stop teaching the book:

[T]rying to lecture about its literary merits takes a back seat when I see how African American students (I’m talking about teenage sophomores, taking the class for core credit) are reacting to the iterations of THAT WORD. The problem is that Twain doesn’t distinguish between those who are using the word in a "kindly" manner (we could probably assume that this is the only word for black people that Huck has ever heard) and those who are using it an an epithet. Used indiscriminately in these ways, it just makes everyone in a classroom uncomfortable.


For the record, in another comment Professor Quinn says he does not support the bowdlerized version; he'd rather leave the work as-is, he's just going to stop teaching it. And he has a point: leaving the work as-is certainly preserves the evidence it provides of America's hideous legacy of racism.

Americans in general have a reflexive resistance to the idea of something offensive and objectionable being removed. On the whole I think that's entirely healthy and appropriate. Most of us are well aware that it's a bit hypocritical to object to specific words that everyone uses or fleeting images of nudity (we've all seen naked people), while raising no objection to disturbing or even traumatic themes or treatments. We simply on the whole have no respect for timidness in the face of life's smelly details.

But this word is not simply a fleeting expletive. Whenever it comes up in discussion I'm reminded of what [livejournal.com profile] novapsyche pointed out once about comedian Richard Pryor's comments about why he stopped liberally using the n-word in his stand-up routine. He said his intent had been to disarm the word, to make it less powerful, to reduce the amount of pain it causes black people, but then he learned that white people were mimicking his usage and citing him as proof that the word was acceptable to use in an offhand way, thereby causing harm to black people.

I guess the lesson here is that unraveling racism is like pulling out an arrow. Do it the wrong way, and you increase the injury.
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Lately I've been thinking a lot about what I've been naively calling iconic imagination. By this I mean the ways in which a story or narrative is broken up into bits which are conceptually iconic -- by which I mean they are immediately recognizable, are guaranteed to provoke a specific emotional response, and are meaningful. (My understanding of meaning is probably a bit controversial. There are other kinds of meaning, which I think are more shallow as they relate to the mechanics of language, such as the truth value and reference. I am much more concerned with the intent or reason behind an utterance.)

In the past I would have perhaps called them archetypes, but I think archetypes are special-case instances of iconic imagination. Archetypes are notable multi-faceted icons.

For a thorough education on what I mean by iconic imagination, spend a few hours on the TV Tropes site. Here you can see that a trope, which is an example of what I'm calling an icon, is a pattern that crops up in many different kinds of storytelling. And they vary widely in scope, from major character types to silly throwaway moments.

There's a lot of directions this has been taking me. For example, genre fiction vs. literary fiction. Genre fiction employs a lot of iconic imagination and so it's much easier to read (and to write). There's a sense among critics and academics that genre fiction is "lazy" because of this. Another way of phrasing this question is to ask whether or not the degree to which a work is iconic affects how artistic the work is.

Here I take art to be aesthetic reflection, or in other words a statement of some sort about harmonic proportion or beauty or the lack thereof. So I'll say naively that art does not come from iconic imagination.

Iconic works are "accessible" or "melodramatic." They appeal to our sense of play and fun. Art, on the other hand, moves in the other direction; it is contemplated solemnly or is considered "serious." It is not enjoyed, it is "appreciated."

I came to this by thinking about games, and game design, and child's play, and the question of what makes a game fun. Roger Ebert stepped into the fray not long ago when he wrote that video games will never be art. Insofar as games are necessarily iconic (in reaching for possible exceptions I came up with Nomic) I get what he's saying, though I'm not entirely convinced I agree. The difficulty may be that the human response to something iconic may preclude serious aesthetic reflection on it. So an iconic work which also has what would otherwise be recognized as artistic values is not typically appreciated artistically.

ETA: changing the "vs." in the title to "and," because I think the end result of all this is that iconic and artistic imagination are not necessarily opposites, though we act as if they are.

ETA 2: I tagged this "culture industry" because I do think the culture industry relies on iconic imagination in churning out its products. Products of the culture industry are often criticized as "derivative" which makes me realize that one of the effects of art on culture is the creation of new icons. This is potentially significant.
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I am in favor of banning hate speech. I know my position on this isn't popular, but I believe the consequences of allowing it to be uttered are worse than any likely consequences of stopping it.

First of all, hate speech is not discourse. It only looks like discourse because they are both forms of human linguistic expression. Discourse is a flow of ideas and a distillation of the human condition, the cultural lifeblood. Hate speech is to discourse what theft is to commerce: a poisonous disruption of the patterns and flow.

Secondly, I do not believe there is a slippery slope. There is no legitimate idea which can *only* take the form of a slur, insult, or mean-spirited joke. Conversely, there is little substantive content to any utterance of hate speech. Hate speech primarily binds those who hate or brutalize and issues an implied threat to an already traumatized community, a reminder of past abuses and the specter of future abuse. Banning threats and slurs does not logically imply the future banning of legitimate discourse.

Some might argue that leeway should be made for satire, but honestly, I am not really a fan of satire at this point either, because it can be just as triggering as that which it supposedly sends up. If it has the same effect on the traumatized community, in what way is it better?

Lastly, I find myself having less and less sympathy with anyone who feels constrained when asked to refrain from making hateful utterance. The amount of consideration being requested is tiny compared to the amount of consideration people of traumatized minority communities feel every day in dealing with the majority. It is not too much to ask that people use the brain in their heads to find some other non-hurtful way to say what has to be said.
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One of the reasons I haven't been posting as much over the last couple of years is a dawning awareness of the general futility of words.

I've also, as I was saying to R* last night, developed a strong aversion to being lectured by people 15-20 years younger than me. I want to just say, though it is bad form, "Do you think you are the first person to recite these ideas at me?" It's 'bad form' because ideas are supposed to be replied to with ideas. That's the 'free marketplace of ideas,' right?

But there's so little point to playing the idea game because words are so often nothing more than a verbal soundtrack people play while committing acts which may or may not bear any resemblance to the ideas they are promoting.

And, it is highly discouraging how few people seem capable of really grokking this point. Especially when it comes to politicians. There are a lot of words about how politicians are lying scumbags but people will always refuse to accept this about their favorite politician. I hate to break it to you, but yes, even your favorite politician is a lying selfish scumbag.

So, what does matter to me? Experiences and actions. Tell me what you've seen and experienced. Show me what you've done and what you are doing. Those are the things I can trust, and which have real impact on the world.
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Derailing For Dummies

Fantastic. Wish I'd seen this sooner. :)
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There's been a lot of discussion in the blogosphere lately around the word "cis." It was coined 15 years ago so that there would be a word that means, basically, "someone who lives as a member of the sex they were assigned at birth." Why do we need such a word? Because those who are not cis are discriminated against horribly in this society (by families, friends, strangers, the law, schools, employers, social clubs, and religious institutions) and we deserve to not be the only people whose gender identity is given a name: trans.

[livejournal.com profile] wildeabandon posted a poll yesterday, the results of which match what I have seen in other discussions about "cis" in recent weeks: many or most of those who recognize that the term is meant to refer to them do not really object to it, though they often find it odd or awkward. But the objections are interesting, and it is those to which I wish to respond today.


A. General linguistic objections.
1. "Cis" sounds like you are calling me a sissy.

I've seen this objection cited several times in the last few weeks, entirely (as you might imagine) by men.

2. "Cis" is too clever.

"Cis" as opposed to "trans" is a terminology arising out of chemistry (or Classical studies, take your pick), a sort of accidental tribute to the general geekiness of the average trans person. So, 9 out of 10 times it's used, it has to be explained; it is only intuitive to those who are familiar with chemistry or Latin.

1 & 2 are not really objections to the assertion that there is a need for this term, merely objections to the actual morpheme in use. What term might we use instead, and in what way would it be an improvement?


B. Philosophical objections.
3. You're imposing an identity on me and I don't consent.

"Gentile" is a word that means "someone who is not a Jew," and it describes most of the human race. The term does accurately represent me, but it is not a part of my identity. I don't identify as a gentile, but I don't deny that I am one.

There are other terms that describe people which we do not incorporate into our identity and worldview. For example, I do not identify as "a person of medium height." But I chose "gentile" here because of what I see as an obvious parallel to the term "cis:" they are both terms that describe most of the human race which have been introduced by the minority for whom the term does not apply.

I'm not sure why those who are described by the term cis would assume the term's existence means they have to incorporate it into their identity. Is it because society sees "trans" as an identity? Is it because of political parallels to "gay," "straight," "white," "black"?


4. If you call me "cis," that implies that I am comfortable with the sex/gender I have been assigned by society. I've always felt uncomfortable with the gender role imposed on me, so it is not fair or accurate to associate it with me.

Being trans has very little to do with being uncomfortable with sex or gender roles. To put it bluntly, I am not trans because I am uncomfortable with the male gender role, I am trans because I am a woman. I am a woman whom most of the world insists is a man.

Everyone chafes against gender roles. Some people respond by acting or dressing in unconventional ways: a man might wear eyeliner; a woman might shave her head and refuse to wear skirts. Transition is fundamentally different from this. It's not simply gender-bending taken to a higher degree. Someone gender-bends because it's interesting or exciting or sexy; someone transitions because they are looking for relief.

I didn't petition the court to change my name because I am a nonconformist, I changed my name because my parents gave me a man's name by mistake. I needed to have a name that didn't increase my stress every time I had to answer to it.

I had my facial hair lasered off because afterward I could finally recognize the person I see when I look in the mirror. After puberty I had very excessive facial hair that made it likely that people would mistake me for a man. Getting rid of it has been a tremendous relief.


5. If you call me "cis," that implies that I identify strongly with the way my body is shaped and/or the politics that go with having a particular body shape.

This is an objection I've only seen from women. I suppose it's not impossible that a man might feel the same way, but I've yet to see it.

The women I've talked to who feel this way describe having lived their lives with a sense that womanhood is an artificial construct that people around them expect them to identify with and act like. Womanhood is imposed on them because of the shape of their body, even though their body is itself alien and disconnected.

The sense that one's body is not who one is, is far more profound than basic chafing at gender roles. On the face of it, this is rather like what it feels like to be trans, with an important distinction. Relief for this dissociative dysphoria would not come from transition, because manhood is just as alien and artificial to them as womanhood.

Labeling those who have this experience as "cis" is probably inaccurate, though they are not trans either. We might need a new term altogether. "Iso" perhaps?


A final point: we might be well served by defining a spectrum of terms that range from "cis" to "trans" rather than having an either/or distinction. For example, quite a few people identify as genderqueer and this seems to be a relationship to sex and gender that falls between cis and trans.
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This is intended for a wider audience (eventually) than just my journal's readership, hence the tone is a bit different from what i usually strike here.

The following will probably come across as preaching, but i offer this not as a high and mighty guru who is spirtually perfected and better than thou. This is a lesson i learned the hard way, by being a jerk from time to time and having to be called on it. It bears my mea culpa; i did these things repeatedly, and only slowly learned what i was doing wrong.

If you are a white person who wants to be a better ally to people of color, please heed my words.
If you are a man who wants to be a better ally to feminists, please heed my words.
If you are a straight person who wants to be a better ally to queer folk, please heed my words.

Sometimes you're going to encounter utterances from a less-privileged friend that make you angry. This could be for a number of reasons. Maybe you are reading about against an injustice done to someone else. Or, you might be angry because the utterance contains an unqualified generalization that unfairly impugns... well... you.

You might be tempted to reply with an insistance that your friend modify their statement by adding "most" or "some" because "we're not all like that." You might reply with a detailed argument about why one of the examples chosen doesn't prove the point they are trying to make. You might demand proof, and then accept nothing less than a peer-reviewed published academic article. You may be tempted to connect your friend's utterance to heavy-handed social strategies that they didn't even bring up; e.g., "Even so, that doesn't mean we should engage in censorship." Or, you may decide that it's helpful to comment on your friend's angry tone, suggesting that a more calm way of expressing oneself may lead to better results.

None of this is helpful.

Anyone who wants, who truly wants, to see the world become a better place has to make a commitment to listen to their friends' anger. And, yeah, it's hard the first time. But it's not nearly so hard the second time.

It should be a point of basic reading and listening comprehension that any generalization has exceptions. This is true even if the generalization does not come with a disclaimer. If you weren't taught this in school, well, i'm teaching you now. If your friend feels safe enough making this utterance in your presence, perhaps it could be that it's not about you, or that they think you're capable of getting it. So insisting on the appendage of a disclaimer is not helpful.

Part of the anger you're feeling is a reflection of the anger your friend is struggling to give voice. Finding your voice after a lifetime of having your concerns shoved aside can be an awkward and difficult process. Someone at this stage of growing awareness and rising consciousness needs encouragement, not defensiveness and cavil. Defensiveness and cavil are what they've received their whole life, and it's why finding their voice now is a struggle.

It's not necessary for every single utterance to be precise, scientifically accurate, academically rigorous, and polite. While one might think that calm, rational, well-articulated utterances are more effective than angry rants, when it comes to challenging privilege, activists can tell you that doesn't actually tend to be the case. That's why activists often use more agitating tactics like strikes and protests and sit-ins -- because sometimes that's what you have to do to get anyone to listen to you.

Now the hardest part of this: sitting with your friend's anger. Instead of reacting to anger with anger, make a commitment to step aside from your response and examine the anger for what it is. A lot of the time when it has happened to me, i find it is an indication of my own unexamined privilege. If someone says to you that they think you are privileged in a way they are not, it's common to get defensive about it. But this statement is not an attack. So don't respond to it as if it were. If you can say "I feel like i'm being attacked here," you're facing a moment of truth.

Some of the most illuminating realizations i've ever had came as a result of doing this.

If you can step aside from the statement that angers you and see it as an expression of your friend's experience more than an objective rhetorical assertion, you can come away with a clearer understanding of what your friend's life is like.

Reflexive defensiveness makes it difficult to have genuine conversations about privilege and social class. And so, as i said above, if you are someone who truly cares about doing your part to help the world become a better place, you have to let these conversations happen. Sometimes it means listening to a statement that makes you angry and resisting the urge to tear it apart with logic. The reward for this is that you will understand better where your friend is coming from, and you will be a better ally.

The first time is the hardest.

Please don't take the above to mean that there's absolutely no way to respond with an objection. It just means you have to be a bit more conscientious about it -- which consideration is a small momentary inconvenience compared to the impositions your friend endures every day. You can manage it.
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The people of Lesbos want gay women to stop calling themselves Lesbians.

Yes, i can illustrate the problem by imagining a Big Gay Sketch in my mind's eye: a man on a flight from Athens tells a US Customs Agent that he's a Lesbian; hilarity ensues. Gee, how funny.

The use of the term to refer to homosexual women dates to the Victorian era. It was, like so many other Victorian terms, a euphemism designed to hide what could not be talked about. It was adopted alongside the now archaic term sapphist; both refer to Sappho, the ancient resident of Lesbos who wrote love poems to women.

It is not the only geographic name which has been appropriated to describe women who live as partners; see for example the term "Boston marriage," which dates to roughly the same time period. (Hmm, someone on my friend's list wrote about this term in the last week, but i don't remember who, sorry.)

Since the political lesbian movement of the 1970's, the term "lesbian" has been cemented in our cultural consciousness, so much so that the term "gay" has come in many contexts to be seen as exclusively referring to men. But, just as 'transwoman' is not a real word but a composite term made of a norm + a modifier, 'gay woman' is not a real word; but neither is 'lesbian,' being an appropriated geographical term (still being used by the people who live there today) and is more of a moralistic erasure. It is more like the heteronormative imposition of a big "CENSORED" bar than a word itself. It is another example of the dominant culture using language as a weapon to deny identity; and we queer folk have made do with the modifiers and erasures given us, but we have yet to have actual words for who it is that we are.
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The goal of meta-neo-inquiry is to answer, as well as possible, the question: "What is going on here, and what is the most just way to respond?"

Response is an indispensable element because meta-neo- ethics demands more emphasis on right action than on right words or right belief. It's not what you say or feel, it's what you do that matters. I can forgive errant words if your actions put you on the side of conscience.

A lot of the time the answer is pretty straightforward. Someone is beating up someone else; the most just way to respond is to stop the fight and find out why it started. Someone stole someone else's car; the most just way to respond is to recover the car and return it to its owner.

Sometimes though the answer is not straightforward at all, often because the truth has been occluded.

Discourse tends to be dominated by those in power; and so where conscience leads us into opposition with the power paradigm (on those fronts where the people in power are committing injustices and warping the cultural discourse to legitimize or cover it up), discourse itself becomes territory to be fought over.

Dissidents are kept off-balance by having even their very language pulled out from under them like a rug. One generation of dissidents comes up with a way to vocalize what is happening to them and what is wrong with their condition; it's an organic process which starts with art and fashion, or other kinds of consciousness raising. Political changes are demanded, and a few concessions are made. But by the time the next generation comes along, when it comes time to pass on this knowledge, all of the groovy terms and images they came up with to communicate their dissent have been misappropriated and commodified by the power paradigm. They've been rendered useless; their meaning has decayed.

It is fair to ask, of every text you encounter, what is the author's agenda? As time passes it becomes harder and harder to answer this question, because one's agenda in writing a text is a response to the culture to which she belongs. Cultures change but texts tend not to. So any text older than, say, 40 or 50 years, can easily be subverted by the power paradigm and people can be educated to read it a certain way; afterwards, one requires a specialized awareness of historical context to have any hope of recreating the original agenda of any text, especially if the text had any degree of subversiveness to it.

My contention is that this line of inquiry will demonstrate that many spontaneous movements over the centuries -- whether political, religious, philosophical, or artistic -- can be demonstrated to have their origin in subversion against the injustice of the power paradigm. The products of a "culture industry" established by the power paradigm itself tend not to endure because they carry remarkably little meaning to begin with, and most of us carry an innate recognition of that even if our consciousness has not been raised.

meta-neo-

Feb. 20th, 2008 01:04 pm
sophiaserpentia: (Default)
A while ago i offered "a meta-neo-marxian semiotic principle" but left sorta fuzzily undefined what i meant really by "meta-neo-Marxian." What i wrote then, was:

"Neo" because we have progressed quite a bit in the last 150 years, in understanding the sociology of oppression and the intricacies of economics, and "meta" because i am not a subscriber to a philosophy, but merely a critic whose views are inspired by the trajectory which Marx played a role in laying out.


It dawned on me yesterday that i have to take this to its logical conclusion. I have to. And so, i offer for your consideration, meta-neo-. I will define this more fully in a moment, but for now i will leave it sorta fuzzily undefined and let you ponder what i mean by it.

I make no claims to originality or uniqueness. In fact i hope there are a million other people out there with similar but not exactly identical ideas.

Meta-neo- is not a philosophy. One does not become a subscriber or an adherent to meta-neo-, but merely perhaps, i dunno, a listener. Meta-neo- is an affinity, not an identity. I'm sick and tired of identity politics ruining my friendships and threatening my relationships and demolishing my political coalitions and causing me to lose sleep.

Let's throw all this crap out the window: "You're not 'X' enough." "You're not a true 'X'." "I want to do W, but if i do, i'm not an 'X' anymore and my X friends will reject me." "I'm not X, but i'm Y, let's call this the 'XY' coalition." "Hey, i'm a 'Z,' you left me out."

Meta-neo- is analogue, not digital. There's no "Meta-neo- vs. non-meta-neo-." You can be a little meta-neo-, you can be a lot meta-neo-, your affinity with meta-neo- can vary from subject to subject or even from mood to mood or day to day.

The prime directive of meta-neo- is simple: When it becomes widely recognized that there is a need for a meta-neo-meta-neo-, those who pay any attention to it at all are urged to declare it dead and come up with something else.

Still need me to define meta-neo- or should we just leave it there and run with it?
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It dawned on me while watching this clip of Hillary Clinton telling Tyra Banks about dealing with the aftermath of Bill's infidelity.

Clinton's campaign is like none other in recent memory, and perhaps in US history, because she is primarily speaking to women.

Well, the only way i can describe what i mean is to resort to pomo-speak. Feminists would say that political discourse has been dominated by men's narratives. That means more than just saying that it's mostly come from men; female politicians have also tended to organize their speeches in ways that reflect a cultural status-quo that decrees certain perspectives (those of women, people of color, etc.,) to be irrelevant, unimportant, or off-topic. To bring these perspectives to the table unapologetically is to intrude, to steal the microphone.

Like so much of what i write about, this is stuff we are trained to look past until it becomes conceptually "invisible" (or "nonsensical" to those who don't want to give sexism any credence), and so if you don't understand what i mean, take it this way: she is dog-whistling to the people she expects are likely to vote for her.

After all, it's women who will turn out to vote for her - Democratic, independent, and even Republican. To go for the win, she just has to convince enough women to vote, particularly the elusive "voters who stay at home on election day," who make up roughly 40% of everyone who's registered to vote. Even a relatively small chunk of this crowd will help her win the primaries, the nomination, and eventually the election.

My prediction is that the longer she stays in the race, the more virulent and hateful will become the sexism in the criticism against her. I'm not talking about criticism of her policy positions, i mean very obvious "ad feminems" ranging from asking if "America is 'ready' for a woman president," or lengthy analysis of her decolletage or her "emotional meltdown" in New Hampshire (where she got, you know, a little choked up answering a question). The sexist nonsense is already at a fever pitch, so it will be interesting to see what the months ahead will hold -- especially as it begins to dawn on men that she's not even really speaking to them when she speechifies.

The rotten tomatoes hurled at Hillary Clinton over the last two decades are the kind of things many women fear will be hurled at them, too. She shrugs them off. Maybe she gets upset about them in private; we'll never know; but in public she shrugs them off. This alone infuriates verbal bullies, who hate nothing more than to see their slings slide off with no obvious effect. But women see it and can imagine the same things said to them, and for this reason, whether they like her or not, Clinton has in some ways become the champion of women in politics.

The interesting thing about this strategy is, if she keeps it up the way she's been playing it, then the more hateful the crap which is flung at her, the more effective will be her outreach to women. They may not even like her policy positions, but they may in the end vote for her if for no other reason than they're sick of seeing it happen to someone who reminds them of themselves.

It's a risky strategy and may not in the end pay off, but it's certainly not the only thing there is to Clinton's campaign. Still, i think if anything the polls are understating the real number of people willing to vote for her. Women i know who support Clinton are genuinely afraid to say so aloud, because every time they do they get to hear about what a bitch she is. Not how wrong she is about the war or violent video games, but how shrill or calculating or phony she is. What matters really is not what they say to pollsters over the phone, but what they actually do in the privacy of the voting booth eleven months from now.
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So the War on Christmas nonsense is continuing this year, and, as if this wasn't enough, here comes National Review editor Jonah Goldberg with a doozie: Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left, From Mussolini to the Politics of Meaning, which sheds light on the intellectual link between modern American progressivism and European fascism.

What do the War on Christmas, Intelligent Design, and Liberal Fascism have in common? A mega "WTF!?" factor. I mean, seriously, i can only scratch my head in wonder at all of this energy being spent tilting at windmills on the Right. There is NO "war on Christmas." Intelligent Design is NOT real science. The white man is NOT the "Jew" of Liberal Fascism. Statements promoting these ideas are hyperbole to the tenth degree and sound like unfunny parodies.

My first response is to breathe a sigh of relief that at least they've taken a pause in dishing out accusations against gays and Mexicans as threats to Western civilization. But its really unsettling. What the hell does it mean that they are flooding our cultural discourse with this boxing at shadows gobbledygook?

It's got me worried, actually. Is this what happens next? The next phase in the war on meaning? Nonsense words get more and more airplay until real discourse and real science have no more room, no more funding, no more political support? Is it "crazy-making" writ large?

This "War on Christmas" crap is all fun and games until people actually start getting beaten. Soon, "liberal fascists" will start getting beaten, too. All in the name of "freedom."

It seems to me that most of the people appalled by this trend are loathe to legitimize this crap by challenging it, trusting people to see it for the crap it is. Unfortunately, i don't think we have the luxury of ignoring it and hoping it will go away.
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A while back, someone on my friend's list linked to an essay about art as misappropriation. I don't think it was linked approvingly, but the concept has stuck in the back of my mind, something to digest.

Then not long ago i read about the iconic image of Che Guevara as now appears on tee-shirts and numerous other commercial products. I don't know as much as i should about Che, but i think i have already well expounded on my views that anyone who uses violence is no revolutionary at all but is a part of the system. Anyway, this bit stood out in my mind, a quote from Trisha Ziff, who has organized an exhibition on the Che icon.

"There is a theory that an image can only exist for a certain amount of time before capitalism appropriates it. But capitalism only wants to appropriate images if they retain some sense of danger."


Hmm, i have to back up a little. I call my views "meta-neo-Marxian." "Neo" because we have progressed quite a bit in the last 150 years, in understanding the sociology of oppression and the intricacies of economics, and "meta" because i am not a subscriber to a philosophy, but merely a critic whose views are inspired by the trajectory which Marx played a role in laying out.

I view our situation as less a matter of "capitalism vs. socialism" and more a matter of me-centered world-parsing vs. us-centered world-parsing. I take this view because (a) the same problems preceded capitalism and have also tended to plague socialist societies and (b) i believe a truly just and merciful society could function compassionately with almost any economic or political arrangement.

So let me re-write that quote into a version that more closely matches my current views:

"There is a theory that a subversive image can only exist for a certain amount of time before the power paradigm strips it of meaning and makes it a commodity."


For the political-socialist, the image of Che is a commodity in that it is a valuable emotional push-button; and for the political-capitalist, the image of Che is a commodity because it sells tee-shirts. Neither point of view is really interested in exploring the meaning of Che's life, words, and actions.

Now, for the principle i promised in the title of this post. To wit:

Images and text will lose their meaning over time, in part because meaning is anathema to the power paradigm.


The surest way to strip an image of meaning is to give it a dollar value or to use it as an emblem of demagoguery. But the principle works in other ways. Part of this is because each generation tends to create its own kinds of meaning, and so young people do not react in the same way to a creative work as earlier generations of people did.

I thought about this while reading recently about a Monet painting which was vandalized. Frankly, i found i could care less; some old painting who's time has come and gone was damaged. But i realize that the painting meant something to its creator; it meant something to the creator's contemporaries; and it means various things to various people today. Do those meanings resemble one another?

Who could do such a thing as vandalize a Monet? Someone to whom the work of art had little or no meaning. (Or, alternately, someone to whom the act of destruction meant more than the painting itself -- but... well, i have to reign in the scope of this somehow.)

But what is the meaning of a work of art? What is meaning? Without waxing too philosophical - i want to intentionally leave this a little fuzzy - i think of meaning as the reaction one has when contemplating something. But, additionally, the genuine meaning of a creative work is primarily that reaction which is intended to be provoked by the work's creator. I emphasized that because there are theories of criticism which argue the opposite - that meaning is supplied by the observer of a creative work. Such theories can, in my opinion, be demonstrated to be apologetics for the power paradigm.

One way to reduce the meaning of an object is to directly misappropriate it - to use the phrase or image to advance a different agenda and then to use your superior numbers or budget to simply drown out all incidence of the original usage. A radical movement of any import can expect to see this happen to their language, and as a result the dissenters of each generation are pretty much on their own. Another way to reduce the meaning of an object is to surround it with approved, dissent-sanitized replicas: the culture industry.

However, it is not just subversive meaning which is distrusted by the power paradigm - ultimately, it is all meaning that is unreliable. Meaning is capricious, meaning is unquantifiable, meaning is unmarketable and unprofitable. Even meaning which has nothing to do with politics can inspire someone to question the status quo. This includes faith. "Spirituality," as i mean it when i use it in my journal, is a process of misappropriation by which the words used by people of faith and conscience to describe their experience is sanitized of any politically radical content in ways that turn it into icon-worship. In other words, "spirituality" (as defined by me) is the attempt to destroy meaning and faith and replace it with a religion industry.
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I can't underestimate the importance of knowing the origins of words. It's something i've been paying attention to a lot more in recent years. Knowing where words come from tells you a wealth of things about our culture and the way we parse the world.

For example, i recently learned that the ethnic slur "kike" and the name of the Ku Klux Klan have the same etymological ancestor - the Greek word kuklos, or circle.

Not long before that, i learned that the word "virtue" reflects the ancient Roman belief that perfection and goodness is masculine, while imperfection is feminine.
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Originally published at Monstrous Regiment. You can comment here or there.

I’ve written a bit in the last few months about affinity politics and how it differs from identity politics.  This morning i was thinking about the language we use and how it affects the way we think about identity, affinity, and “who” or “what” people are.

Take the term “LGBTIQQ:” Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, Questioning, and Queer.  This term has grown like a snowball because of attempts by activists to grow a coalition from scratch.  It started out as “Gay and Lesbian,” which (anyone alive during the 1970’s can tell you) was not always an obvious alliance.  The other terms were added as the coalition grew, in recognition of affinity between various groups, and to prevent re-invention of the wheel with regards to addressing similar political needs.

But the term feels unwieldy now because the community is changing its approach from identity politics to coalition of affinity.  If we want to be more inclusive, we can’t just keep tacking letters on (how about a P for polyamorous and a K for kinky too?).  Yet if more people join the movement, they deserve to be recognized somehow.  (At the same time, a danger here is that the needs of some of us could be lost in the wash — see Marti’s posts on the Transadvocate main page for insight about this.)

The difference between affinity and identity could be compared to the difference between analog and digital.  “Analog” looks at the world and sees continuous spectra; “digital” breaks the world down into discrete, distinct units. “Digital” makes it possible to condense information, but a lot of information is lost in the process.

The human brain looks for shortcuts.  It prefers digital over analog because categories make it possible to make decisions and draw conclusions without having to juggle a lot of possibly irrelevant information.  But when we do this to a person, we write over a lot of who that person is, and draw a lot of conclusions, possibly incorrect, about what they are like or what they think based on just a small amount of knowledge about them.

Our brains learn to break people down in a very digital way: “man” vs. “woman,” “gay” vs. “bi” vs. “straight:” distinct categories which we speak of as attributes that a person “is.” This leaves no room for contrary information (”How can he be ‘gay’ if he’s dating a woman?”) and it leaves no room for change (”You’re dating a man? I thought you were a lesbian.”)

We meet someone and then file away in our brain that this person “is a gay man” or a “is a straight woman.”  And then whenever we think about that person we pull whatever thoughts go along with “gay man” or “straight woman” and, accurate or not, apply those thoughts to that person and even write them as expectations of that person. We also treat these people according to the rules and dictates of society, many of which depend on this categorization of people.

Earlier forms of the liberation movement have reacted to this treatment by questioning the stereotypes without questioning the identity.  Affinity coalition is the next obvious step: questioning the discreteness of identity. It’s helpful to be able to describe where we are in our lives right now without having to be saddled with an identity forever and ever; a lot of these things change. Indeed, liberation depends on the loosening of categories just as much as it depends on the loosening of categorical expectation.

A few people around me have taken to describing themselves using numbers along the Kinsey spectrum rather than say they are “gay,” “lesbian,” “bi,” “straight,” “pansexual,” or what have you.  And they might say, “At this point in my life i am a Kinsey 3, but when i just entered adulthood i was a pretty firm Kinsey 0.”  Being able to express this variance-over-life is important because it helps to reduce the chance that someone will assign us to one category for life (and then have to deal with dissonance when we change). I’ve also heard the word “spectrum” being used to refer loosely to categories of people: for example, “female spectrum” as a term loosely referring to anyone who feels they are anywhere on the female side of totally androgynous.

I think this is a step in the right direction, but i wonder if terms like “spectrum” aren’t inherently dualistic.  We often think of a spectrum as a range going from A to B, and so i wonder if it’s still too easy to fall into dualistic or digital thinking.

To this end i pondered a number of other possible terms, which do not necessarily imply linearity: cluster, community, constellation, galaxy, nebula, orbit, set, sphere, universe, web.   Another factor is, if i use the term outside this journal, someone would have to intuitively know what i mean; this rules out some of the terms above.

I think i like “galaxy.”  If i were to say “the MTF galaxy” versus “the MTF spectrum,” you’d know roughly what i meant.

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Until recently, Isaiah Washington was an actor on the popular TV show "Grey's Anatomy" (which i have never seen BTW).

It's likely that he was released from his contract because of an event in October 2006 when he grabbed co-star Patrick Dempsey by the throat during an argument on the set, making the comment, "I'm not your little faggot like T.R. [Knight, another co-star]."

Most of the news stories about this event have an interesting and skewed focus. See, for example, this item in today's news:

"Grey's Anatomy" star Isaiah Washington said racism was a factor in his firing from the hit ABC series after he twice used an anti-gay slur.

Washington, who initially used the epithet during an onset clash with a co-star, told Newsweek magazine that "someone heard the booming voice of a black man and got really scared and that was the beginning of the end for me."

... Washington, who used the slur against co-star T.R. Knight during a confrontation with Patrick Dempsey, repeated the word backstage at the Golden Globes in January in denying the first incident. A public apology to Knight and others followed.

The event is referred to as "using an anti-gay slur," "an onset clash," and "a confrontation." Unless you already know that an act of physical violence occurred, there's no way you'd glean it from this story.

I don't doubt that racism, as Washington charges, is a factor here. But the media has portrayed this for months with focus on the slur, forming the impression that it is a case of "political correctness" run amok -- a man fired for using a bad word. Gosh, he even apologized and went to a sensitivity training camp and everything! But if people on the set are scared of him, it can't possibly be because, you know, they saw him attack someone.
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Originally published at Monstrous Regiment. You can comment here or there.

This morning i had a jarring, chilling exposure to what the word “impressionable” really means.

My wife and i had to go to her son’s school this morning to deal with, well, the kinds of things kids do. All we knew was that the principal wanted to talk to her. I went along as moral support. We didn’t know they were going to drag her son into the room with us so that he could sit on one side of the room with four adults looking at him asking him about what happened. We had no idea we were going to be made into de facto accomplices.

And, to be fair, they didn’t grill him like interrogators. No, it was all maddeningly “reasonable.” It’s just that under any sort of scrutiny whatsoever he closes up, so we didn’t hear much at all of his side of what happened.

I’ve never seen anyone squirm so much in my life. And so, with him basically having been found guilty, we coached him through what he would say by way of apology and reassurance to the other aggrieved kids. To some extent that was appropriate, since kids are still learning about what it means to be an ethical person who respects other people’s boundaries.

But my wife and i were profoundly uncomfortable about the whole “words being put in his mouth” thing. And that’s all i saw everywhere i looked in the school. The “pledge of allegiance to the flag,” which was recited while we were there. Everywhere, ‘motivational’ posters with captions like “Curiosity: i choose to learn.”

The underlying message is, this is a place where we put words into your mouth. You know? I don’t think i’ve ever met a kid who had to be told to “choose to learn.”

When you’re a kid, you don’t have the liberty to choose what you want to do or say. You are told what you want to do or say. And it is often presented obliquely as if it is a desire coming from you, the kid. And when it is said this way often enough, and when you parrot it and get the appropriate reward, it sinks in. Really, really deeply.

It doesn’t matter whether or not kids understand what the pledge of allegiance is about. To them, it’s just dumb words that they have to repeat every morning… which they do in a droning, hypnotic, rhythmic monotone. But they do understand, on a basic level, that it is something they do to make the adults around them beam with pride (”What good, obedient, upstanding, patriotic kids we have!”) and to avoid punishment for not complying.

And much of this is about learning how to perform the gender we’ve been assigned.

Being in school helped remind me about how that worked when i was younger. I remember viewing adulthood as this barren wasteland where you wander around as a broken person, your dreams and individuality stunted beyond repair. I suppose that was my expectation because my preparation for adulthood consisted of this constant pressure to be someone-not-me, by way of the silencing of my own galla-voice and the replacement of it with something suitably “masculine.”

I remember, for example, eagerly joining the high school wrestling team after lots of input from my father about how much he had enjoyed it. I had never been a sporty kid, though being on the wrestling team was actually good for me in some ways. I wonder if people today look at my almost-thigh-length hair and somewhat femme presentation (minus, you know, the occasional stompy boots) and have any trouble picturing me grasping someone and pinning him to the mat?

But i would never have “wanted” to do that if it hadn’t been subtly put there, if it hadn’t been rewarded and encouraged once i said i wanted to do it.

On a bigger scale, this is why women’s “consent” to various kinds of things in a patriarchal society can be so sketchy sometimes.

But this leads into troubling territory because i’m wondering how we can distinguish between “educating” a kid (enabling their cognition while also respecting their identity and will) versus putting our thoughts into their heads and our words in their mouths. Kids don’t always know how to make decisions, it’s one of the things they’re still learning, and they sometimes have to be guided to a decision. (Or… light bulb comes on… do they?)

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Marti of Transadvocate posted yesterday about certain perennial topics of discord in and around the trans community. This is worthy of deep contemplation because, as i've mentioned before, the terminology we transfolk choose to use for ourselves, versus the terminology which has been foisted upon us, is a question about which we need to have sustained discourse.

I hadn't seen the terms "women born transsexual" (WBT) or "Harry Benjamin Syndrome" (HBS) before. They are interesting.

The idea behind renaming "Gender Dysphoric Disorder" as "Harry Benjamin Syndrome" is to recast transsexualism as an endocrine disorder rather than as a psychological disorder. I'm not unsympathetic, but this is not representative of transfolk in general. Not all of us seek or want hormonal or surgical therapy, not all of us want our gender identity to be medicalized in the first place. It also presupposes a questionable bio-psychological causality. I think there may be some usefulness to the term HBS but it is not an interchangeable replacement for gender dysphoria.

At first glance i thought the term WBT was a direct response to the term "womyn born womyn" used by some to distinguish women judged as female at birth from gallae. But when i googled it, i didn't see any discussion of this matter at all, nor was it raised in Suzan Cooke's essay in which she mentioned why she and her partner coined the term. So i deduce that the purpose of the term is to downplay the "trans," to counter the dominant culture's gaze, which wants to see only the procedures and paraphernalia of our transition, to focus instead on the way transfolk see ourselves.

Using emphasis to demonstrate more clearly the meaning of the term, then, a "woman born transsexual" is a woman who happens to have been born transsexual. For a person who sees herself as inherently female but otherwise defined by society because of, essentially, an unfortunate birth defect, this might be an appropriate term.

To be honest i'm not sure how i feel about this term. On the one hand i approve of the term's basic goal, as tending towards expressing more clearly than "transwoman" how we see ourselves. See, the world sees us as "trans" first and woman... well, usually never, but if ever, then definitely not first.

Secondly, i know MTF transfolk who would not really fit this depiction, because they have taken the identification of "trans" as part of their identity. So on the basis of that alone, the term "woman born transsexual" can never be a blanket replacement for "transwoman" and could even be divisive.

But there is a second, somewhat savage, dimension of divisiveness here. Only some gallae have any chance of actually being seen as women first: those who pass. For transfolk being able to pass can be a ticket away from the numerous limitations we face for the crime of being trans. Think, for example, of light-skinned black people who have 'passed for white' and the opportunities they gained by doing so. Opportunities they should have had in the first place, of course.  Not that being a woman in a misogynistic culture is necessarily great shakes, but, judging by some of these stats from 1999, in some ways it sure beats being a tranny.

So when Suzan Cooke says "goodbye to being transgender" she comes across as having a nasty overtone, and it is plain as day that she has never checked her own privilege. She writes as if any galla can easily assimilate into society as a woman:

Because most of us assimilate as members of the sex that we have been reassigned to and are loathe to make spectacles of ourselves few stand up to contradict the politicos who claim to represent us. ... The transgender community is like a cult that pounds extremely negative messages into the heads of people treated for TS/HBS. Its fear mongering aims to convince post-sex reassignment surgery people to stay in the transgender ghetto rather than assimilate in to the world of members of their new sex.


It's a nice gig if you can get it, Suzan. I can definitely sympathize with wanting to escape the traps and stigmata heaped on transfolk (ETA: and let me be clear on this, i have no disapproval for people who go "stealth"), but not all of us have the luxury, even after surgery and hormones. Having the luxury of moving beyond into the relative utopia of passing, she doesn't see the need for trans advocacy.

IOW she's saying that anyone who doesn't pass can go to hell. And her term WBT can be seen as reflective of this attitude.

Suzan is right to want to escape the negativity, since none of us deserve it. She is right to want to escape from the way the culture sees transfolk, because it does not define her any more accurately than it defines any of us. But she is wrong to blame the transgender community for it; this is just old-fashioned victim blaming. The negativity comes from the rest of society -- the people who beat us, preach against us, kick us out of our houses, and fire us. If she is ever found out, she will be no better than the rest of us "trannies," and i hope she keeps that in mind in the future when she contemplates trans activism.
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Yesterday, a gunman at the campus of Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia, identified by the police as student Cho Seung-Hui, shot 32 people dead and injured many others before killing himself.

I've seen this described in numerous places as a "tragedy."  I do not personally believe that "tragedy" is an appropriate word to describe this.  Nor would i approve of "calamity," "catastrophe," or "disaster."

Atrocity, yes.  Monstrous, cruel, heinous, vicious, villainous, ruthless, brutal, bloodthirsty, yes.

But my objection to words like "tragedy" is that this serves to bury the fact that this was an intentional act, an act of deliberate and malicious harm of one human being against others.  Words like "tragedy", "calamity," "catastrophe" and "disaster" all imply the workings of fate, or accident, or the gods, or evil stars, or some other great external overwhelming force -- not a human being.  They imply that what we need is catharsis and closure, not examination and scrutiny.  In fact i'm already seeing hostility towards those who might ask why this happened, as if it is not our place to wonder.

I think what causes this reaction is that events like this traumatize us, and our first instinct as survivors is to appease, to not stir trouble.

Violence is not caused by a great external overwhelming force, not even violence on an unimaginable scale.  It is caused by something that we (most of us) have the power and will to overcome.  Examining violence with the goal of understanding it and lessening it will not bring on the wrath of the gods; it is something we must do.  And there is no better time than the present, because there is violence right now, everywhere, in your community, in mine.

This isn't to pick on anyone in particular, FWIW.  It's the media that sets the tone for things like this, and they are plastering the word "tragedy" all over the place.

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